Customizing Fair Use Transplants

Figuring on fair use

Beyond Fair Use

For centuries, the fair use doctrine has been the main—if not the exclusive—bastion of user rights. Originating in the English courts of equity, the doctrine permitted users, under appropriate circumstances, to employ copyrighted content without the rightsholder’s consent. In the current digital media environment, however, the uncertainty that shrouds fair use and the proliferation of technolog...

The use of cyclosporin in organ transplants

Cyclosporin is a metabolite isolated from culture broths of the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum Gams which was shown to be immunosuppressive by Borel et al. in rats, mice and guinea-pigs.1.2 Cyclosporin may directly block the release of interleukin I from activated T helper cells and indirectly block the release of interleukin II from macrophages, thus suppressing both cellular and humoral immuni...

Information Technology and Fair Use

Intellectual pursuit and the recognition of ideas is a central concept. Copyrights protect the rights of intellectual creators while balancing those rights with the needs for access. As technologies have expanded, and production has become more sophisticated, the legal regulations surrounding their use have become more complex. With the advent of the interactive web 2.0 and increased resource s...

Approximating Fair Use in LicenseScript

Current rights management systems are not able to enforce copyright laws because of both legal and technological reasons. The contract rights granted by a copyright owner are often overridden by the users’ statutory rights that are granted by the laws. In particular, Fair Use allows for “unauthorized but not illegal” use of content. Two technological reasons why fair use cannot be upheld: (1) t...